Skip to content
  • .
  • Application
    • Iran Tourist Visa
    • Iran Medical Visa
    • Iran Business Visa
    • Iran Pilgrimage (Ziarat) Visa
    • Iran Transit Visa
    • Iran Visa on Arrival
  • Iran Visa Information
    • Iran Visa Policy
      • Visa-Free Entry to Iran
      • Iran Visa on Arrival
      • Iran Visa Before Travel
      • Iran Visa Restrictions
    • How to apply for Iran Visa?
    • When to apply for Iran Visa?
    • Iran Visa Requirements
    • Iran Visa Costs
    • Iran Visa Application Forms
    • Iran Visa Extension
    • Iran Visa for different Countries
    • Iranian Consulates
  • Iran Guide
    • Facts about Iran
    • Iran Cities
    • Iran Maps
    • Iran Attractions
    • Iran Souvenirs & Handicrafts
  • Useful Info
    • Dress Code & Attire in Iran
    • Iran Customs Regulations
    • Iran Currency & Money
    • Iran Price Samples
    • Farsi Language
    • Iran Time & Calendar
    • Communications in Iran
    • Iran Food & Drinks
    • Places to Stay in Iran
    • Iran Transportation
    • Iran Useful Contacts
    • Iran Events
  • Travel Services
    • Hotel Booking in Iran
    • Flight Booking in Iran
    • Iran Tours
    • Iran Travel Insurance
  • FAQ
  • Toggle website search
Menu Close
Search this website

GEOGRAPHY OF IRAN

geography of Iran

Location:
Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan 

Geographic coordinates:
32 00 N, 53 00 E

Map references:
Middle East 

Area:
total: 1.648 million sq km 
land: 1.636 million sq km 
water: 12,000 sq km 

Area – comparative:
slightly larger than Alaska 

Land boundaries:
total: 5,440 km 
border countries: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35 km, Azerbaijan-proper 432 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave 179 km, Iraq 1,458 km, Pakistan 909 km, Turkey 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km 

Coastline:
2,440 km; note – Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km) 

Maritime claims:
contiguous zone: 24 NM 
territorial sea: 12 NM 
continental shelf: natural prolongation 
exclusive economic zone: bilateral agreements or median lines in the Persian Gulf 

Climate:
mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast 

Terrain:
rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts 

Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m
highest point: Kuh-e Damavand 5,671 m 

Natural resources:
petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur 

Land use:
arable land: 10.17% 
permanent crops: 1.16% 
other: 88.67% (1998 est.) 

Irrigated land:
75,620 sq km (1998 est.) 

Natural hazards:
periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes along western border and in the northeast 

Environment – current issues:
air pollution, especially in urban areas, from vehicle emissions, refinery operations, and industrial effluents; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; oil pollution in the Persian Gulf; wetland losses from drought; soil degradation (salination); inadequate supplies of potable water; water pollution from raw sewage and industrial waste; urbanization 

Environment – international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands 
signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation 

Geography – note:
strategic location on the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, which are vital maritime pathways for crude oil transport

  • Service Updates
  • Do you Need a Visa?
  • Visa Free Travel
  • Visa Types
  • How to Apply?
  • When to Apply?
  • Visa Requirements
  • Country Specific Info
  • Application Process
  • Application Form
  • Cost of Visa
  • Why IranianVisa.com?
  • Success Rate

Travel Services

Tours

Trains

Hotels

Coaches

Flights

Guides

Visa

Travel Insurance

IRANIANVISA.COM

IranianVisa.com is the website of IranianTours’ visa section. We are the first Iranian online visa service provider, assisting travellers since 2001, not only with arranging their visas, but also consulting re. organizing their trip to Iran. (more…)
Legal Disclaimer: Iranianvisa.com is not part of or affiliated with the Iranian government. It’s an authorized provider for processing Iran visa applications. 

Excellent on Trustpilot(4.4 out of 5)
★★★★★ 4.4/5

INSTITUTIONAL

  • Terms & Conditions
  • Privacy
  • Advertising with us
  • Open Careers
  • Feedback
Iran E-Visa System Authorized Provider
Licensed Travel Agency

CONTACT

  • 3 Eskan, Mirdamad Ave., Tehran, Iran
  • IR: +98 9121 902843
  • UK: +44 7598 644177
  • info [at] iranianvisa.com
Facebook-f Twitter Instagram Youtube
Copyright 2025 by IranianVisa.com
Close Menu
Open chat
1
Scan the code
WhatsApp
Hello
Can we help you?